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〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=STRUCTURA PARLAMENTULUI ROMÂNIEI 2012-prezent )〕 |seats2_title = Chamber of Deputies |seats2 = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=STRUCTURA PARLAMENTULUI ROMÂNIEI 2012-prezent )〕 |seats3_title = European Parliament |seats3 = |seats4_title = County Council Presidents |seats4 = |seats5_title = County Councilors |seats5 = |symbol = |website = (http://www.psd.ro/ ) |country = Romania |footnotes = }} The Social Democratic Party ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Partidul Social Democrat), PSD) is the major social-democratic〔 political party in Romania. The largest party in Parliament with initially 63 seats in the Senate and 158 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, it also has the largest number of mayors, local and county councilors and county presidents thus being the biggest and most influential political force in the country. PSD was formed in 1992 as the Democratic National Salvation Front, a breakaway group from the post-communist National Salvation Front. In 1993 this merged with three other parties to become the Party of Social Democracy in Romania. The present name was adopted after a merger with the smaller Romanian Social Democratic Party in 2001. Since its formation, it has always been one of the two dominant parties of the country. The party governed Romania from 1992 to 1996, again from 2000 to 2004, and has now been in government since 7 May 2012, initially in alliance with other parties in the Social Liberal Union until February 2014. The founder of the party, Ion Iliescu, became President of the Republic, in office from the end of Communism in 1989 to 1996, and again from 2000 to 2004. The current president of the PSD is Liviu Dragnea, elected as leader after the incumbent Prime Minister of Romania Victor Ponta stepped down on 12 July 2015, following charges of corruption and also health problems. ==History== On 7 April 1992, the struggle for power inside the National Salvation Front ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Frontul Salvării Naţionale), FSN) between the more hard-line group led by Ion Iliescu and the more reformist group led by Petre Roman resulted in the Iliescu group withdrawing from FSN and the founding of the Democratic National Salvation Front ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Frontul Democrat al Salvării Naţionale), FDSN), which would later become the present-day PSD. FDSN won the 1992 elections and went on to govern Romania until 1996. On 10 July 1993 it took the name of Party of Social Democracy in Romania ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Partidul Democraţiei Sociale in România), PDSR) upon merger with the Socialist Democratic Party of Romania (PDSR), the Republican Party and the Cooperative Party. From 1994 to 1996 the PDSR ruled in coalition with three extremist parties - the right-wing Romanian National Unity Party (PUNR) and Greater Romania Party (PRM), and the left-wing Socialist Party of Labour. PUNR had ministers in the cabinet chaired by Nicolae Văcăroiu from March 1994 to September 1996. PRM was not present at the Cabinet, but was given some posts in the State administration. The PDSR lost the 1996 election, which was won by the multi-party coalition Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR). In November 2000 the PDSR was back in power, this time in a coalition named the Social Democratic Pole of Romania along with the Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR) and the Romanian Humanist Party (PUR). PSDR merged with PDSR on 16 January 2001, and the resulting party took its present name, PSD. In November 2004, Adrian Năstase, the PSD candidate, won the first round of the presidential elections but did not have a majority and had to go to a second round of voting, which he lost to Traian Băsescu of the Justice and Truth alliance, who is therefore the current president. In the legislative elections of 2004, the PSD gained the largest share of the vote but because it did not have a majority, all the other major parties formed the Justice and Truth Alliance, which managed to gain a parliamentary majority and is currently in government, consigning the PSD to opposition. Considered a young reformer, Geoană was elected president of the party in April 2005 by delegates at a PSD Party Congress held in Bucharest. His victory represented a surprise defeat for former President Ion Iliescu, who was expected to defeat Geoană handily. Geoană's win was attributed by the media to last minute backroom dealing by party leaders opposed to Iliescu as well as to public gaffes made by Iliescu at the Party Congress, including using allegedly old communist terms when referring to his party colleagues.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ion Iliescu: "Dau cuvintul tovarasului Nastase" )〕 On 17 April 2008, the Social Democratic Party and the Conservative Party announced they would form a political alliance for the 2008 local elections.〔(Romania's PSD and PC form alliance (SETimes.com) )〕 In February 2010, the Congress elected Victor Ponta as president. On 6 February 2011, the PSD formed a political alliance known as the Social Liberal Union (USL) with the Conservative Party and National Liberal Party.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Romanian Oppositions Form Alliance )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=FOCUS Information Agency )〕 The USL was disbanded on 25 February 2014 with exit of the National Liberal Party which immediately entered opposition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Romania’s Liberals to leave ruling coalition, government )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Social Democratic Party (Romania)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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